IV. Ukuhlolwa Kokukhishwa Okuyingxenye Kwe-Dry Transformer

1. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Waveform kokukhishwa kwengxenye

I-voltage kuyo yonke i-detection impedance Zm (okungukuthi, isignali yokuthola) incane kakhulu futhi kumele ikhuliswe ukuze inikeze inkomba ehlukile kuthuluzi. Inani eliphakeme lesignali ye-pulse ekhuliswe yi-amplifier lingalinganiswa nge-oscilloscope. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-oscilloscope ingabona futhi ukuthi yisiphi isigaba sokukhishwa okwenzekayo kumvamisa wamandla, inqume isimo se-pulse wave kanye nezikhathi zokukhishwa, futhi ibone izici zokukhishwa okuphelele okungaphelele. Ukuze inqume indawo eseduze kanye nohlobo lokukhishwa. Ama-Oscilloscope angaskenwa ngokuvundlile nangokuqondile. Ukuskena okuvundlile kwenziwa ngokuphambuka kwesikrini esigcwele okulingana nomjikelezo owodwa futhi kuvumelaniswe ne-voltage yokuhlola ukuze kunqunywe isigaba se-pulse. Ukuskena kwe-elliptical nakho kufana nomjikelezo owodwa we-voltage yokuhlola ngomjikelezo ngamunye wokuskena. UMFANELO 4-1 Umdwebo we-schematic we-waveform esikrinini sezindlela ezimbili zokuskena.

ISITHOMBE 4-1

Ekuhlolweni kokukhishwa okungaphelele, ngaphezu kokukhishwa okungaphelele kwangaphakathi kokushisa kungakhiqizwa, ukuxhumana kwe-lead, ukuthintana kukagesi kanye nesibani se-fluorescent, i-electrode corona enamandla aphezulu, njll., kungathinta nesimo segagasi lokukhishwa okungaphelele. Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo zamagagasi zokukhishwa okungaphelele kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka ngaphakathi kokushisa. I-FIG 4-2 iyizinhlobo eziningana zamagagasi ezijwayelekile.

ISITHOMBE 4-2

2. Ukuhlonza i-Spectrum Yokukhishwa Okungaphelele

Isithombe 4-3 sibonisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-oscillogram okukhipha ingxenye, atholakala eduze kwe-voltage yokuqala. Izibalo (a), (b), (c) kanye no-(d) ziyizibonelo eziyisisekelo zokukhipha ingxenye, kanye no-(e), (f) kanye no-(g) ziyizibonelo eziyisisekelo zamagagasi okuphazamiseka.

ISITHOMBE 4-3

Ku-(a), kunesikhala somoya esisodwa kuphela esiqonde ngqo endaweni yensimu kagesi esakhiweni sokufaka ugesi, futhi i-discharge pulse ibekwe endaweni ephakathi kweziqongo ezinhle nezimbi. I-pulse amplitude kanye nemvamisa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokulinganisa ngokuyisisekelo kuyalingana. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi i-amplitude ephezulu nephansi ye-asymmetry engu-3:1 isalokhu ijwayelekile. Ubudlelwano phakathi kokukhipha kanye ne-test voltage buwukuthi ngemva kokukhipha kokuqala, ukukhishwa kuyanda kuze kufike ezingeni elithile, futhi ukukhishwa kuhlala kungashintshi ngokukhuphuka kwe-test voltage. I-extinguishing voltage cishe ilingana noma iphansi kancane kune-starting voltage.

Ku-(b), isakhiwo sokufaka umoya siqukethe izikhala zomoya ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi izakhiwo zokufaka umoya ezingaphonswa. Lapho i-pulse yokukhipha umoya ibekwe endaweni ngaphambi kweziqongo ezinhle nezimbi, ubukhulu kanye nemvamisa yezinhlangothi ezimbili ze-pulse ezilinganayo ngokuyisisekelo zilingana, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukungalingani kwe-amplitude ephezulu nephansi engu-3:1 kuseyinto evamile. Ekuqaleni kokukhipha umoya, i-pulse yokukhipha umoya ingaxazululwa, bese i-voltage ikhuphuka, i-pulse ethile yokukhipha umoya iqhubekela phambili endaweni ye-voltage yokuhlola engu-zero, ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzoba ne-pulse enkulu, i-pulse resolution yehla kancane kancane, kuze kube yilapho ingaxazululwa. Ngemva kokukhipha umoya kokuqala, ukukhishwa kwamanzi kuyanda kancane kancane ngokwanda kwe-voltage, futhi i-voltage yokucima umoya ngokuyisisekelo ilingana noma iphansi kune-voltage yokuqala.

Ku-(c), kunesikhala somoya esisodwa kuphela esakhiweni sokuvikela. Impendulo yokukhishwa kwesikhala somoya ebusweni be-electrode ihlukile kwese-dielectric. I-discharge pulse ibekwe phezu kweziqongo ezinhle nezimbi ze-voltage, futhi ubukhulu bezinhlangothi zombili abulingani, imvamisa ye-amplitude enkulu iphansi, futhi imvamisa ye-amplitude encane iphakeme. Isilinganiso ngokuvamile sikhulu kuno-3:1 futhi ngezinye izikhathi singu-10:1. Impendulo iyonke yokukhishwa ingahlukaniswa. Uma ukukhishwa kuqala, inani lokukhishwa alishintshi futhi alinalutho oluphathelene nokwenyuka kwe-voltage. I-voltage yokucima ilingana noma ingaphansi kancane kwe-voltage yokuqala.
 
Ku-(d), (1) iqoqo lezikhala zomoya ezinobukhulu obuhlukene litholakala ebusweni be-electrode, kodwa zivaliwe; (2) Igebe likagesi phakathi kwe-electrode kanye ne-insulating medium alivaliwe. Isilinganiso se-amplitude phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili ngokuvamile singu-3:1 futhi ngezinye izikhathi singu-10:1 ngaphambi kokuba i-discharge pulse ibekwe phezu kwe-negative peak ye-voltage. Njengoba i-voltage ikhuphuka, ingxenye ye-pulse iya endaweni engu-zero. Ngemva kokuqala kokukhipha, i-pulse resolution ilungile. Qhubeka ukhulisa ingcindezi, futhi i-resolution iyehla kuze kube yilapho ingasahlukaniseki. Ngemva kokukhipha kokuqala, i-discharge emperor iyanda kancane kancane ngokukhuphuka kwe-voltage, futhi i-extinguishing voltage ilingana noma iphansi kancane kune-voltage yokuqala. Uma i-voltage ihlala imizuzu eyi-10, impendulo yokukhipha izoshintsha kancane.

(e) Umthombo wokuphazamiseka uyindawo ewuketshezi phakathi kwephuzu lenaliti kanye nepuleti eliyisicaba noma umhlaba. Ukukhishwa kwe-corona kwenzeka nge-voltage ephansi, futhi i-pulse yokukhipha ibekwe endaweni ye-voltage ephezulu. Njengasesiqongweni esingesihle. Amandla okukhipha asezingeni eliphezulu; Uma etholakala endaweni ye-peak enhle, ukunikezwa kwamandla kusezingeni eliphansi. Lokhu kusiza ekunqumeni indawo eyi-zero ye-voltage, futhi ama-pulse amabili avela ngokulinganayo eziqongweni ze-voltage ezinhle noma ezimbi, ngezikhawu ezilinganayo zeqoqo ngalinye lama-pulse okukhipha. Kodwa-ke, i-amplitude kanye ne-time interval yama-cluster amabili ahlukile, futhi iqembu elincane line-amplitude efanayo futhi liqinile kakhulu. I-pulse enkulu ine-voltage yokuqala ephansi futhi ukukhishwa kuyanda ngokukhuphuka kwe-voltage. I-voltage yokuqala yeqembu lama-pulse amancane iphakeme, futhi inani lokukhishwa alizimele ku-voltage futhi lihlala lingashintshi. Njengoba i-voltage ikhuphuka, i-pulse frequency density iyanda, kodwa isabonakala. Njengoba i-voltage ikhuphuka, iba yinto engahlukaniseki.

(f) Isihloko senaliti ngokumelene nendawo yegesi eyisicaba noma yomhlaba. Ukukhishwa kwe-corona kwenzeka ku-voltage ephansi, futhi i-pulse yokukhipha ibekwe endaweni ye-voltage ephezulu. Njengasesicongweni esingesihle, ukunikezwa kwamandla kusezingeni eliphezulu; Uma kutholakala ku-peak enhle, ukunikezwa kwamandla kusezingeni eliphansi. Lokhu kusiza ekunqumeni u-zero we-voltage. Ngemva kokukhishwa kokuqala, i-voltage iyanda futhi inani lokukhishwa alishintshi, kodwa ubuningi be-pulse buyasakazeka kuzo zombili izinhlangothi futhi imvamisa yokukhishwa iyanda, kodwa isabonakala. Njengoba i-voltage ikhula, imvamisa ye-pulse yokukhipha iyanda kancane kancane ibe yinto engahlukaniseki.

(g) Ukukhishwa kwamandla okumiswa. Ukukhishwa kukagesi phakathi kwezinto ezimbili zensimbi ezilengisiwe ensimini kagesi, noma phakathi kwento yensimbi nomhlaba.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-waveform:

1. Izinhlangothi ezinhle nezimbi zine-amplitude efanayo ye-pulse, isikhawu esilinganayo kanye nemvamisa;

2 Ama-pulse ezinhlangothini zombili avela ngamabili, enesikhala esifanayo samabili, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ahamba phambili naphambili ngaphesheya kwesisekelo.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokukhishwa kokuqala:

(1) Inani lokukhipha alishintshi, alikho ngaphansi kwe-voltage, futhi i-voltage yokucima ilingana ngokuphelele ne-voltage yokuqala.

(2) I-voltage iyaqhubeka nokwenyuka, futhi nge-voltage ethile, ukukhishwa kwayo kuyanyamalala ngokuzumayo. Uma i-voltage iqhubeka nokwenyuka bese yehla, izophinde iphume nge-voltage yangaphambilini enyamalalayo.

(1) Ngokwanda kwe-voltage, amandla okukhipha ayancipha kancane kancane, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kokukhipha kuyanda.